Japanese Yen flatlines near multi-decade low after CPI inflation data
- USD/JPY steadies around 163.90 in Friday’s early Asian session.
- Japanese CPI inflation rose to 1.7% YoY in June from 1.5% in May.
- Trump vowed to punish Iran for Houthi attacks in the Red Sea.
The USD/JPY pair holds steady near 163.90 during the early Asian session on Friday. However, the Japanese Yen (JPY) remains near a multi-decade low against the US Dollar (USD). The preliminary readings of the US S&P Global Purchasing Managers Index (PMI) will be published later on Friday.
Data released by the Japan Statistics Bureau on Friday showed that Japan’s National Consumer Price Index (CPI) inflation rose to 1.7% YoY in June, up from 1.5% in May. Meanwhile, the core CPI came in at 1.6% YoY in June, versus 1.4% prior. The figure came in line with the market consensus. This is the first rise in core inflation since March.
The so-called “core-core” inflation rate, which strips out prices of fresh food and energy, fell to 1.7% YoY in June, compared to the previous reading of 1.8%. This figure registered the lowest since August 2022.
This reading came just days before the Bank of Japan (BoJ) policy meeting, where the central bank is widely expected to leave interest rates unchanged. Japan’s National CPI inflation report has little to no impact on the JPY as traders are on high alert for possible intervention from Japanese authorities.
Finance Minister Satsuki Katayama on Wednesday warned markets that authorities stood ready to take “appropriate and bold action.” Katayama added that Japan’s policy on potential intervention remained unchanged and that it would take action if necessary.
Escalating tensions in the Middle East could boost the Greenback against the JPY in the near term. Reuters reported on Thursday that US President Donald Trump said the US would hold Iran responsible for the Houthis’ actions and warned Iran and its Houthi allies would both soon receive a “major military punishment.”
Japanese Yen FAQs
The Japanese Yen (JPY) is one of the world’s most traded currencies. Its value is broadly determined by the performance of the Japanese economy, but more specifically by the Bank of Japan’s policy, the differential between Japanese and US bond yields, or risk sentiment among traders, among other factors.
One of the Bank of Japan’s mandates is currency control, so its moves are key for the Yen. The BoJ has directly intervened in currency markets sometimes, generally to lower the value of the Yen, although it refrains from doing it often due to political concerns of its main trading partners. The BoJ ultra-loose monetary policy between 2013 and 2024 caused the Yen to depreciate against its main currency peers due to an increasing policy divergence between the Bank of Japan and other main central banks. More recently, the gradually unwinding of this ultra-loose policy has given some support to the Yen.
Over the last decade, the BoJ’s stance of sticking to ultra-loose monetary policy has led to a widening policy divergence with other central banks, particularly with the US Federal Reserve. This supported a widening of the differential between the 10-year US and Japanese bonds, which favored the US Dollar against the Japanese Yen. The BoJ decision in 2024 to gradually abandon the ultra-loose policy, coupled with interest-rate cuts in other major central banks, is narrowing this differential.
The Japanese Yen is often seen as a safe-haven investment. This means that in times of market stress, investors are more likely to put their money in the Japanese currency due to its supposed reliability and stability. Turbulent times are likely to strengthen the Yen’s value against other currencies seen as more risky to invest in.
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