When are Eurozone Prelim HICP inflation, Q1 GDP data and how could they affect EUR/USD?
The Eurozone Prelim HICP and GDP Overview
Eurostat will publish the preliminary Eurozone Harmonized Index of Consumer Prices (HICP) for April and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) for the first quarter of 2026 later on Thursday at 09:00 GMT.
Eurozone HICP inflation is expected to inch higher to 2.9% year-over-year (YoY) in April, from 2.6% in March. Meanwhile, the annual core inflation is anticipated to remain consistent at 2.3% in the reported month.
The monthly Eurozone inflation and core inflation were at 1.3% and 0.8%, respectively, in March.
Meanwhile, seasonally adjusted flash Eurozone GDP is projected to rise 0.2% QoQ in Q1, unchanged from the prior reading, while annual growth is seen slowing to 0.9% from 1.2%.
How could the Eurozone Prelim HICP and Q1 GDP affect EUR/USD?
The EUR/USD pair may remain flat if the HICP data come as expected. However, the pair may depreciate further as the Euro (EUR) could struggle amid increased risk aversion, which could be attributed to the geopolitical tensions in the Middle East.
Traders expect the European Central Bank (ECB) to leave interest rates unchanged late in the day, in line with many global peers this week, while signaling that a rate hike, possibly as early as June, may be necessary to counter an energy-driven surge in consumer prices.
The EUR/USD pair could lose ground as the US Dollar (USD) remains firm, which could be attributed to the Federal Reserve (Fed) keeping rates unchanged but striking a more hawkish tone amid rising inflation concerns.
The Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) voted 8-4 on Wednesday to keep interest rates unchanged within the 3.5%–3.75% range, marking the first instance of four dissenting votes since October 1992. The committee emphasized that “inflation remains elevated, partly due to the recent rise in global energy prices.”
Technically, the EUR/USD pair steadies after recovering daily losses, trading around 1.1680 at the time of writing. The 14-day Relative Strength Index (RSI) around 49 hints at fading bullish momentum and a consolidative bias. The pair is hovering around the 50-day EMA of 1.1678, followed by the nine-day EMA barrier at 1.1700. On the downside, the EUR/USD pair may navigate the region around the eight-month low of 1.1411, recorded on March 13.
Inflation FAQs
Inflation measures the rise in the price of a representative basket of goods and services. Headline inflation is usually expressed as a percentage change on a month-on-month (MoM) and year-on-year (YoY) basis. Core inflation excludes more volatile elements such as food and fuel which can fluctuate because of geopolitical and seasonal factors. Core inflation is the figure economists focus on and is the level targeted by central banks, which are mandated to keep inflation at a manageable level, usually around 2%.
The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures the change in prices of a basket of goods and services over a period of time. It is usually expressed as a percentage change on a month-on-month (MoM) and year-on-year (YoY) basis. Core CPI is the figure targeted by central banks as it excludes volatile food and fuel inputs. When Core CPI rises above 2% it usually results in higher interest rates and vice versa when it falls below 2%. Since higher interest rates are positive for a currency, higher inflation usually results in a stronger currency. The opposite is true when inflation falls.
Although it may seem counter-intuitive, high inflation in a country pushes up the value of its currency and vice versa for lower inflation. This is because the central bank will normally raise interest rates to combat the higher inflation, which attract more global capital inflows from investors looking for a lucrative place to park their money.
Formerly, Gold was the asset investors turned to in times of high inflation because it preserved its value, and whilst investors will often still buy Gold for its safe-haven properties in times of extreme market turmoil, this is not the case most of the time. This is because when inflation is high, central banks will put up interest rates to combat it. Higher interest rates are negative for Gold because they increase the opportunity-cost of holding Gold vis-a-vis an interest-bearing asset or placing the money in a cash deposit account. On the flipside, lower inflation tends to be positive for Gold as it brings interest rates down, making the bright metal a more viable investment alternative.
GDP FAQs
A country’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) measures the rate of growth of its economy over a given period of time, usually a quarter. The most reliable figures are those that compare GDP to the previous quarter e.g Q2 of 2023 vs Q1 of 2023, or to the same period in the previous year, e.g Q2 of 2023 vs Q2 of 2022. Annualized quarterly GDP figures extrapolate the growth rate of the quarter as if it were constant for the rest of the year. These can be misleading, however, if temporary shocks impact growth in one quarter but are unlikely to last all year – such as happened in the first quarter of 2020 at the outbreak of the covid pandemic, when growth plummeted.
A higher GDP result is generally positive for a nation’s currency as it reflects a growing economy, which is more likely to produce goods and services that can be exported, as well as attracting higher foreign investment. By the same token, when GDP falls it is usually negative for the currency. When an economy grows people tend to spend more, which leads to inflation. The country’s central bank then has to put up interest rates to combat the inflation with the side effect of attracting more capital inflows from global investors, thus helping the local currency appreciate.
When an economy grows and GDP is rising, people tend to spend more which leads to inflation. The country’s central bank then has to put up interest rates to combat the inflation. Higher interest rates are negative for Gold because they increase the opportunity-cost of holding Gold versus placing the money in a cash deposit account. Therefore, a higher GDP growth rate is usually a bearish factor for Gold price.
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