South Korea sidesteps recession with 0.6% Q2 growth

South Korea avoided a technical recession with stronger-than-forecast Q2 2025 growth. The Bank of Korea’s (BOK) advance reading indicated that the world’s fourth-largest economy grew a seasonally adjusted 0.6% over the preceding quarter in the three months through June. That would be a strong bounce from the 0.2% decline in the year’s first three months.

Economists polled by Reuters had expected the economy to grow by 0.5%. Still, it exceeded those predictions slightly, showing its continuing strength in the face of international economic headwinds. GDP growth accelerated to 0.5% yoy vs 0% in Q1 (consensus 0.4%).

The quarter’s rebound helped South Korea avoid slipping into a second technical recession in a little over a year, in which there are two consecutive quarters of contraction in economic activity.

Previously, the BoK had already said that weak momentum will likely be posted on the back of softer world demand and geopolitical risks; however, Q2 GDP will now provide some more colour.

South Korea is experiencing weak growth but is expected to continue making modest gains despite ongoing uncertainty, supported by strong exports, steady consumption, and targeted government spending.

Government and consumers drive spending growth

Final consumption expenditure rose by 0.7% in the quarter. That’s a comparison to a literally -0.1% Q1 number. Private consumption increased by 0.5%, aided by a bump in purchases of motor vehicles and outlays in entertainment and sports. Analysts said this indicated that consumers felt more confident, partly because of moderate inflation and an easy labor market.

Government spending grew even faster, by 1.2%. A significant portion of that run-up was driven by rising health benefit outlays. In South Korea, public spending has firmly backed social policies and eased the burden of living, especially for low-income and working-class families.

The BOK said that stronger domestic demand, even if tepid, is essential to buoying the broader economy in the face of external headwinds, adding that higher inflation would be beneficial. Strong consumption was a shield against risks, including high oil prices, global trade slowdowns, and lingering uncertainty over China, South Korea’s top trading partner.

Exports surge ahead of major US deadline

South Korea also experienced strong external export growth in the second quarter. Exports of goods and services rose 4.2% in the quarter. This was a robust comeback, especially for a country enmeshed in complicated global supply chains and trade tensions.

The export sector led the charge among those semiconductors, followed by petroleum and chemical products. Tech is still coming back to life, and there’s renewed demand for memory chips after a long lull that got going in late 2023.

However, the reversal had come at an inopportune time for South Korea, which was barreling toward a critical trade deadline with the United States. If you do not have a trade deal by the first of August, South Korean goods going to America will get an extra 25% tax.” One source of risk is that the US is South Korea’s second-largest export market.

According to the World Bank, exports were about 44% of South Korea’s economy in 2023, a sign of how significant trade is to the country’s economic health. The South Korean government informed the United States that it would not compromise on its primary agricultural demands on beef and rice imports in the talks, but there is little time to reach an agreement.

The stakes are high. And if it doesn’t, that would filter back up into the industries again, autos and electronics, and stuff in the second half of the year could stall more than gain momentum.

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