Koppers (KOP) Q2 2025 Earnings Call Transcript

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DATE

Friday, Aug. 8, 2025, at 11 a.m. ET

CALL PARTICIPANTS

• Chairman and Executive Officer — Leroy Ball
• Chief Financial Officer — Jimmi Sue Smith
• Vice President, Investor Relations — Quynh McGuire

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RISKS

• Adjusted EBITDA and sales guidance for 2025 were revised downward due to sustained weak demand across all segments and additional tariff impacts, with the midpoint of updated adjusted EBITDA guidance now $260 million for 2025 compared to $262 million in 2024.
• Leroy Ball stated, "PC is a little bit of a different story. Yes. Certainly, the numbers have slipped quite a bit. We've talked in the past call about modest tariff impacts and, you know, our ability to manage that. I think for the most part that is true. ... Now all of a sudden, they get a little bit more magnified. So not big overall, but a couple million here, a couple million there. You know, you're not getting volume to sort of recover some of that. And, you know, it starts to add up."
• Residential preservative business volumes in Performance Chemicals are projected to remain soft through the back half of 2025, as Leroy Ball said, "Right now, I think folks are looking out into 2026 in terms of that optimism. So I think we've all resigned ourselves to the fact that the back half of the year is probably not going to look much different from an overall demand standpoint than the front half."
• CMC segment continues to face tough market conditions with no immediate signs of improvement and price decreases in major products compared to the prior year in Q2 2025.

TAKEAWAYS

• Consolidated Sales-- $505 million, a 10.4% decrease, with declines across all segments for Q2 2025.
• Adjusted EBITDA-- Adjusted EBITDA was $77 million, yielding a 15.3% margin.
• Segment Performance-- RUPS sales decreased by 1% to $250 million, PC by 15% to $151 million, and CMC by 22% to $104 million in Q2 2025; adjusted EBITDA for RUPS was $32 million, PC $29 million, and CMC $17 million.
• Operating Efficiencies-- SG&A expenses reduced by 13% year to date through Q2 2025 and FTE count decreased 11% since April 2024.
• Cash Flow-- Over $50 million in cash flow generated in Q2 2025, with $24 million deployed to dividends, buybacks, and debt reduction.
• Capital Expenditures-- Annual capital spend run rate below $60 million as of Q2 2025, with current full-year 2025 CapEx guidance lowered to $52 million-$58 million from $74 million in 2024.
• Major Divestiture-- Definitive agreement signed to sell the railroad structures business (KRS), expected to close by the end of August; segment contributed $2 million of adjusted EBITDA (non-GAAP) in first half 2025.
• Workforce and Safety-- 26 of 41 facilities operated accident-free in Q2 2025, with zero recordables in July company-wide.
• Dividend-- Quarterly dividend increased to $0.08 per share, translating to an annualized $0.32 for 2025, up 14% from 2024.
• Debt and Liquidity-- Net debt ended at $929 million, down $20 million sequentially for Q2 2025. Net leverage ratio stands at 3.5x with $336 million in available liquidity for Q2 2025.
• Credit Facility-- $800 million revolving credit facility maturity extended through January 2030, with improved borrowing terms.
• 2025 Outlook-- Sales guidance reduced to $1.9 billion-$2 billion for 2025, and adjusted EBITDA to $250 million-$270 million for 2025; adjusted EPS guidance $4-$4.60 for 2025, reflecting a 5% midpoint increase over 2024.
• Catalyst Transformation-- New transformation initiative targeting sustainable mid to high teen EBITDA margins (non-GAAP) by 2027; Chief Transformation Officer appointed to lead execution.
• Phthalic Anhydride Business-- Production ceased a month ahead of schedule, yielding higher-than-expected initial cost benefits to CMC segment profitability.

SUMMARY

Koppers Holdings(NYSE:KOP) delivered Q2 2025 results marked by double-digit sales declines in Performance Chemicals and CMC, and a 1% decline in RUPS but reported its highest adjusted EPS and adjusted EBITDA margin for Q2 2025 in eight years. Management emphasized that cost control and structural changes, rather than revenue growth, drove margin improvement, as reflected in a 13% reduction in year-to-date SG&A spending and an 11% decrease in workforce levels since April 2024. The company executed a major divestiture by selling its underperforming railroad structures business (KRS) in Q3 2025 and successfully advanced corporate transformation initiatives intended to lift longer-term profitability. Despite acknowledging continued trough conditions in chemicals and persistent demand headwinds in both Performance Chemicals and RUPS, the company reaffirmed its focus on generating record free cash flow, repaying debt, and maintaining higher shareholder returns.

• Leroy Ball stated, "If we're successful in Catalyst, right, these are costs that should not just be coming back in as, you know, the demand picks up and goes the other way, which should be sustainable."
• Second quarter 2025 RUPS segment profitability reached its highest point since 2016, primarily from pricing and operating improvements rather than volume growth.
• Management reduced its annual sales and adjusted EBITDA guidance for 2025 as recent market indicators and customer feedback did not show near-term demand inflection.

INDUSTRY GLOSSARY

• KRS (Koppers Railroad Structures): Division focused on engineering, repair, and construction of railroad bridges and infrastructure, recently divested.
• Catalyst Initiative: Internal transformation program aimed at process improvement, cost reduction, and sustainable margin expansion company-wide.
• UIP (Utility and Industrial Products): Product line mainly supplying treated utility poles and industrial wood products, referenced in management’s segment commentary.
• Phthalic Anhydride: Chemical compound previously produced by Koppers Holdings for CMC segment, production ceased in April 2025 as part of cost management and portfolio focus.

Full Conference Call Transcript

Quynh McGuire: Thanks, and good morning. I'm Quynh McGuire, Vice President of Investor Relations. Welcome to our second quarter 2025 earnings conference call. We issued our press release earlier today. You can access it via our website at www.koppers.com. As indicated in our announcement, we've also posted materials to the Investor Relations page of our site that will be referenced in today's call. Consistent with our practice in prior quarterly conference calls, this is being broadcast live on our website, and a recording of this call will be available on our website for replay through November 8, 2025. At this time, I would like to direct your attention to our forward-looking disclosure statement seen on Slide 2.

Certain comments made on this conference call may be characterized as forward-looking statements as defined under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements involve a number of assumptions, risks, and uncertainties, including risks described in the cautionary statement included in our press release and in the company's filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. In light of the significant uncertainties inherent in the forward-looking statements included in the company's comments, you should not regard the inclusion of such information as a guarantee that its objectives, plans, and projected results will be achieved. The company's actual results, performance, or achievements may differ materially from those expressed in or implied by such forward-looking statements.

The company assumes no obligation to update any forward-looking statements made during this call. Also, references may be made today to certain non-GAAP financial measures. The press release, which is available on our website, also contains reconciliations of non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures. Joining me for our call today are Leroy Ball, Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of Koppers Holdings Inc., and Jimmi Sue Smith, Chief Financial Officer. At this time, I'll turn the discussion over to Leroy.

Leroy Ball: Thank you, Quynh. Good morning, everyone. I'm here this morning to report on Koppers Holdings Inc.'s second-quarter performance and our progress in transforming into a high-performance organization delivering mid to high teens margins and stronger cash flow, while staying rooted in our purpose of protecting what matters and preserving the future. This morning, you'll hear how we continue to make good progress in all controllable areas, while we fight through what has mostly been a sluggish demand environment across our entire portfolio. On Slide 4, you'll see that on the plus side of the ledger, we lowered year-to-date SG&A by 13% compared with the prior year period.

We reduced our team member numbers for fourteen straight months, equating to an 11% drop in FTEs since April 2024.

We generated cash flow of over $50 million in the quarter, posted adjusted EBITDA margins north of 15% for the first time in eight years, brought our capital spend annual run rate down below $60 million, signed a definitive agreement to sell our railroad structures business, which has been a drag to margin, ceased production at our phthalic anhydride plant a month earlier than planned, deployed $24 million of capital to dividends, share repurchases, and debt reduction, and launched our Catalyst transformation process to unleash the ingenuity in the organization to deliver benefits that will bring Koppers Holdings Inc. to consistent mid to high teens EBITDA margins by the end of 2027.

The biggest negative is on the demand side, and unfortunately, it's across the board. PC volumes beyond our previously disclosed market share loss are running a few percent down for the first six months. Whereas we have projected them to be up for the year. Class one demand looks to be tailing off in the second half as it did last year, which is not what had been communicated to us at the beginning of the year. CMC markets continue to be at their trough, with no immediate signs of improvement. And while UIP volumes are beginning to show signs of improvement, that improvement is occurring at a slower pace than had been signaled.

I find it quite remarkable that we could post our highest second quarter adjusted EPS and a 9% improvement over prior year with sales down over that same period by 10%. We have a lot to cover today, so let's jump in. Moving to a quick summary of our zero harm activities on Slide 6. We show that we had 26 out of 41 facilities worldwide operating accident-free for the second quarter. Year-to-date, our European CMC, European PC, and Australasian PC businesses have operated with zero recordable incidents. Leading activities designed to proactively identify and eliminate hazards increased year over year in the second quarter, which were instrumental to lessening recordable injuries and serious safety incidents.

Moreover, we just finished July with zero recordables, which is the first time in my memory that we've reached that milestone. Thanks go out to our global team members for continuing to make the health and welfare of your teammates your number one priority. On Slide 7, our Susquehanna facility set the standard for operating safely this past year, earning the 2025 Zero Harm CEO Award. The award recognizes outstanding performance in achieving no critical incidents, maintaining a higher leading activity rate, and lower incident rates than the overall Koppers Holdings Inc. rates, respectively. The Susquehanna plant manufactures pressure-treated crossties, switch ties, and bridge timbers, selling its products throughout the Northeast U.S. and Canada.

Our sincere congratulations to plant manager Al Rutz and his team for demonstrating zero harm on such a consistent basis and setting an example for the rest of the organization to follow. As shown on Slide 9, we issued our 2024 corporate sustainability report in June, once again highlighting the gains made in applying our core principles of people, planet, and performance across all aspects of our business. We believe that maintaining responsible stewardship of the resources entrusted to us remains the key to promoting and achieving meaningful business growth. We're also honored that Koppers Holdings Inc. has been named for the first time to Time Magazine America's Best Midsize Companies of 2025.

This distinction recognizes exceptional performance and employee satisfaction, revenue growth, and sustainability transparency as evaluated by Time and data analysis provider Statista. For more information, please access the QR codes seen here. Moving on to Slide 10, in July we signed a definitive agreement to sell our railroad structures business, which we refer to as KRS, to a valued customer of ours in a cash transaction that will close by the end of this month. We acquired KRS at the same time we acquired our performance chemicals business back in 2014. And while it has had some strong years, mostly early on, the last several years have been a bit more challenging.

KRS struggled to move up the priority list of where we wanted to deploy capital, and in the end, we concluded that we were probably not its best owner. I'm happy to say to Mike Tweet, who has proven to be a fabulous leader and someone I will miss, that he and his team are going to be in good hands as they're joining an organization that will engage and encourage them in ways that we weren't able to at Koppers Holdings Inc. I wish the entire KRS team the best of luck, and I thank them for their tireless efforts and commitment to the Koppers Holdings Inc. culture over the past eleven years.

On Slide 11, as mentioned on our previous call, we engaged a firm to put our entire organization under a microscope and assess how we measure up to the top-performing companies in each respective area of our company. From commercial to procurement to manufacturing, of course, our corporate support functions. While there are a number of things we do well, not surprisingly, there is room for improvement in just about every area. This exercise resulted in the launch of Catalyst, a strategic transformation in how we look at our business, how we value opportunities, how we unlock the brainpower across the organization.

It will lead to an upgrade of technology and upskilling of our team members and an improvement in processes that ultimately lead to better execution and greater shareholder value creation. In May, I announced that Jim Sullivan will be moving from his role as Chief Operating Officer to Chief Transformation Officer to lead the Catalyst effort. In June, we kicked off the second phase of Catalyst, adding to the opportunities uncovered in the first phase, centering on a realistic value of opportunity to be captured and building out a detailed implementation plan that gets evaluated across the entire spectrum of opportunities and resourced according to where each initiative sits in the order of prioritization.

Phase two will wrap up in mid-September with Phase three to follow soon thereafter. And while too early to announce precise numerical targets, I'm comfortable saying that we have uncovered sufficient opportunity to put us on a run rate for mid to high teen EBITDA margins on a sustainable basis as we exit 2027. I'm pleased with how the organization has embraced the concept of everything being on the table, and the team has not shied away from making unpopular choices for the sake of the betterment of the long-term health of our company. I look forward to sharing more details on Catalyst on our next quarterly call.

On Slide 12, we decided to postpone our Investor Day event originally scheduled for September 2025. This decision was made based on two primary factors. First, it goes without saying that there continues to be a tremendous amount of uncertainty in the global economy, which is having impacts on the markets we serve. We felt it would benefit us and our audience to give a little more time for things to hopefully settle down before going into depth on our long-range plans and targets.

Second, we launched Catalyst at the beginning of this year, and as we've gotten deeper into understanding the opportunity and the time and resources that would be needed to stand it up, we thought it would be wise to take the time to be thoughtful on how it gets worked into our overall plan. In the final analysis, it didn't make sense for us to rush to a September 2025 date and felt like we would have a better quality plan and story if we demonstrated a little bit of patience. We've not settled upon a date yet, but we'll share the specifics once that decision has been made.

I'll now turn the discussion over to our Chief Financial Officer, Jimmi Sue Smith.

Jimmi Sue Smith: Thanks, Leroy. Earlier today, we issued a press release detailing our second quarter 2025 results. My comments today are based on that information. As seen on Slide 14, we had consolidated second quarter sales of $505 million, down 10.4% from the prior year. By segment, RUPS sales decreased by $4 million or 1%, PC sales were down by $26 million or 15%, and CMC sales decreased by $28 million or 22% compared with the prior year quarter. On Slide 15, adjusted EBITDA for the second quarter was $77 million with a 15.3% margin. By segment, RUPS generated adjusted EBITDA of $32 million with a 12.6% margin.

PC delivered adjusted EBITDA of $29 million and a 19% margin, while CMC reported adjusted EBITDA of $17 million with a 16.2% margin. On Slide 16, our RUPS business generated second quarter sales of $250 million compared with $254 million in the prior year. Lower volumes of Class I crossties and lower crosstie recovery activity contributed to this decrease, partly offset by higher commercial crosstie volumes, price increases for crossties, and increased activity in our railroad bridge services business. Untreated crosstie market prices remained stable compared to last year, crosstie procurement was down 13%, while crosstie treatment was down 1%. RUPS also delivered adjusted EBITDA of $32 million compared with $22 million in the prior year.

Profitability improved due primarily to $7.7 million of lower costs from raw material, SG&A, and freight, along with net sales price increases. On Slide 17, our Performance Chemicals business reported second quarter sales of $151 million compared to $177 million in the prior year. We experienced a 15% volume decrease mostly in The Americas from previously discussed market share shifts in The U.S. Adjusted EBITDA for PC came in at $29 million compared to $44 million in the prior year. Profitability was unfavorably impacted by higher raw material costs, lower sales volumes, partly offset by $2.2 million in lower SG&A expenses, lower operating costs, and higher royalty income.

Slide 18 shows second quarter CMC sales of $104 million compared to $132 million in the prior year. This decrease was driven by approximately $20 million of lower volumes of phthalic anhydride as that product has been discontinued, as well as lower volumes of carbon black feedstock and lower sales prices for carbon pitch, which were down 6% globally as a result of market dynamics primarily in Australasia. These factors were partly offset by volume increases for refined tar, naphthalene, and creosote, and $1.8 million in favorable foreign currency impact. Adjusted EBITDA for CMC in the second quarter was $17 million compared with $11 million in the prior year.

This improvement in profitability was due to $11.5 million of lower raw material, SG&A, and operating expenses, particularly in North America, and a favorable sales mix, partly offset by price decreases and lower utilization from ceasing phthalic anhydride production. Sequentially, the average pricing of major products decreased by 2% and average coal tar costs were higher by 4%. Compared to the prior year quarter, the average pricing of major products was lower by 7% while average coal tar cost decreased by 1%. As shown on Slide 20, we continue to pursue a balanced approach to capital allocation. Net of cash received from insurance proceeds and asset sales, we invested $21.7 million into our business through June 30.

We are reducing our CapEx guidance for full year 2025 to be in the range of $52 million to $58 million, a significant reduction from $74 million last year, reflecting our commitment to increasing free cash flow. Year to date, we have invested $29 million in share buybacks, including shares withheld for taxes. We have approximately $75 million remaining on our $100 million repurchase authorization. We also returned capital to shareholders through our quarterly dividend of $0.08 per share. And we ended the quarter with $929 million of net debt, approximately $20 million lower than March 31, reflecting our commitment to putting a significant portion of our free cash flow toward debt reduction this year.

And progress toward our continued long-term target of two to three times net leverage ratio. We ended the quarter with a net leverage of 3.5 times and $336 million in available liquidity. On Slide 21, during this quarter, we successfully extended the maturity date of our $800 million revolving credit facility to at least January 9, 2030. We are very pleased with the extension, which also removes certain step-downs in our permitted leverage ratio and lowered the pricing tiers for certain borrowings. We continue to appreciate the ongoing support of our wonderful banking partners as we advance our strategic priorities. You can use the QR code on this slide for more information.

On Slide 22, total capital expenditures for the second quarter were $26.4 million gross or $21.7 million net. We spent $22.5 million on maintenance, nearly $2 million on zero harm, and $2 million on growth and productivity projects. By business segment, we spent $9.3 million in RUPS, $5.9 million in PC, $10.2 million in CMC, and $1 million on corporate projects. And finally, on Slide 24, our Board of Directors declared a quarterly dividend of $0.08 per share of Koppers Holdings Inc. common stock on August 7. The dividend will be paid on September 15, to shareholders of record as of the close of trading on August 29.

At this planned quarterly dividend rate, which is subject to review by the Board of Directors, the annual cash dividend is expected to be $0.32 per share for 2025, a 14% increase over the 2024 dividend. And with that, I'll turn it back over to Leroy. Thank you, Jimmi Sue.

Leroy Ball: Now on to a quick review of each of the businesses starting with our Performance Chemicals or PC business on Page 26. As Jimmi Sue noted, we finished the second quarter with adjusted EBITDA in PC of just under $29 million, which equates to a respectable 19% margin. While that doesn't come close to measuring up against last year's monster second quarter, it's actually a respectable result in the context of the current state of the housing repair and remodeling, and industrial markets we serve. All continue to be stagnant. We see some signs of life on the industrial side, however, which I'll speak to shortly in my UIP commentary.

If you strip away the market share loss experienced this year, our volumes are lower from prior year by about 2%. That's down from our expectations to start the year of a couple percent improvement based upon expectations of our customer base at that time, which have turned more dour after four and a half months of tepid sales activity. As things currently stand, we are not seeing or hearing anything that would indicate that second half volumes will look any different than what we've seen for most of this year.

The external data continues to paint an uninspiring picture in the near term as drivers for treated products like existing home sales, new home starts, and repair remodeling indices all seem stuck in neutral. And our customer base is now looking towards 2026 for signs of improvement. As we forecasted last quarter, we've managed to fend off most of the impact of higher tariffs so far. The only quantifiable impact to date is the threatened and now actual copper tariff. This has caused the separation between the COMEX and LME exchanges, resulting in approximately $2 million of hedge ineffectiveness hitting our results in Q2.

Between some additional hedge ineffectiveness and some direct tariff impact currently sitting in inventory, we expect about $5 million of impact from tariffs in the back half of the year, now reflected in our revised guidance. In addition, expected continued softness in our residential preservative business and a higher than expected impact from our lower operating leverage resulting from overall volume loss will have an additional impact on results in the back half of the year. Moving on to our utility and industrial products business shown on Page 27, we are starting to see what we hope is the beginning of the market pickup that the industry has been forecasting for the back half of this year.

If you look at the details of what appears to be an ordinary performance for UIP in the second quarter, our comparative volumes actually increased by a little bit, just the second time in the last seven quarters, and seemed to be picking up even more momentum as we enter the third quarter. The sales improvement was led by our Brownwood acquisition from last year, which saw a 24% increase while our legacy sites were off by about 5%. During the second quarter, we started to see the backlog of rate increase requests to state public utility commissions begin to break free with more than double the amount of rate increases approved from 2024.

These much-needed increases provide a positive indicator for coal demand expectations. And we remain bullish on the utility pole market through 2030 as megatrends such as electrification and grid hardening complement the general need to replace aging infrastructure. A final note, we continue to invest in resources to grow our business outside our traditional stronghold in the Eastern U.S. and are beginning to experience some small wins on which we intend to build. Our Railroad Products and Services business is summarized on Page 28. Treated sales volumes and improvements in pricing combined with lower operating costs pushed our Q2 crosstie profitability to its highest point since 2016.

This was the primary driver to our RUPS segment reaching a new quarterly high. Despite treated sales volumes being up for the first half of the year, the improvement is still tracking well behind the 8% year-over-year increase we had forecast based upon customer communication heading into this year. As a result, we're modifying our forecast for treated sales improvement to 4% for the year, close to what we've been tracking for the first six months. Our business mix will shift unfavorably in the second half, and the year-over-year improvement we've seen in our costs will face tougher comps in the second half, making the first half tough to replicate.

Our shift away from the disposal part of our crosstie recovery model continues to be justified by more consistently positive results. Our overall maintenance of way business added $2 million of improvement in the second quarter compared to the prior year, but we will not have our railroad structures business beginning in September. We recently signed a definitive agreement to sell the KRS business, as I previously mentioned, to one of our contractor customers where it makes for a better fit. Despite the great year our RUPS business has had through the first six months, we are revising our guidance down for this segment for the year.

This is because we don't expect crosstie volumes to improve from their current pace while our UIP business will see an improved second half, we are tempering our expectations a bit regarding the pace of improvement. CMC continued its recent trend of improved performance, posting its fourth straight quarter of year-over-year improvement despite most of our customer base. Our sales comparison is challenged even more, of course, with the shutdown of our phthalic anhydride business with little replacement thus far. We ceased production of phthalic in April, a month earlier than planned, and the initial cost benefits look even better than modeled.

We still see opportunity to improve our cost structure further at our site in Stickney, Illinois, and have a number of Catalyst initiatives in progress to get operating costs where we need them to be. In parallel, we've been working hard behind the scenes to secure our major coal tar contracts in each region and stabilize pricing. Coal tar is the raw material that ultimately underpins the long-term health of each of our sites, and without stable supply at a reasonable price point, our business can't survive. I reported last quarter that we had locked in a significant chunk of our Australian supply into the future, and I'm happy to say that we recently did the same in Europe.

The future of Stickney will depend upon the same, and I hope to be reporting similar news to that effect in the coming quarters. On the spot purchase side, tar markets have been moving in our favor in Europe and Australia, which also helps our recent run of improvement. Finally, as I said on our prior call in May, the coal tar distillation industry could really use some rationalization of capacity. We believe others who participate in our markets are struggling even more than us over the past couple of years. In the long run, that's unsustainable.

In the meantime, we're positioning ourselves as a healthy long-term alternative partner for suppliers and customers to ensure a much-needed outlet for their tar and for supply of their critical raw material. Moving on to our outlook for 2025 shown on Slide 31, we're now reducing our consolidated sales guidance to be $1.9 billion to $2 billion in 2025 compared with $2.1 billion in 2024. This reduction reflects an assumption that the demand environment does not change materially from what we've experienced through these first six months. On Slide 32, we're revising our adjusted EBITDA forecast down to be in the range of $250 million to $270 million compared with $262 million in 2024.

Now if we just match our first half, we'll be at about $265 million for the year. Sounds reasonable. But we did mention that we expect an additional $3 million of tariff impact over the first half, and we will not have $2 million of contribution from KRS that we had in the first half as it had an ordinarily strong first half of the year. This would put us at the midpoint of $260 million. Additional Catalyst benefits over and above the run rate and an accelerated pickup in demand in our UIP business or higher demand in any of our businesses, for that matter, would push us closer to $270 million and maybe even beyond.

A combination of limited additional Catalyst benefits, additional tariff impact, and further pullback in demand, however, would push us closer to $250 million. Additionally, Catalyst has uncovered some opportunity to reduce inventory levels for cash given the softer demand thus far this year, but it would result in less fixed cost absorption at the plants, which of course would also impact EBITDA. Pulling our guidance down to a more conservative range provides flexibility for us to make that choice and still meet the revised guidance. Slide 33 shows our 2025 adjusted earnings per share bridge and the improvement we expect in 2025 driven by higher operating earnings and lower interest expense.

We are expecting $4 to $4.6 per share in 2025, which represents a 5% increase at the midpoint compared with $4.11 in 2024. As it relates to EPS, unfortunately, all the benefit of our lower interest costs and lower share count is getting washed away in a higher expected effective tax rate due to an unfavorable geographic mix of earnings. On Slide 34, we are now projecting capital spending for the year to fall between $52 million and $58 million compared with $74 million in 2024. While we've not changed our operating cash flow target of $150 million for the year, I'm fairly confident at this point that we will beat that number.

Add the modest amount of cash we will receive upon the sale of KRS, and we will have enough free cash flow to pay down a healthy amount of debt for the year. While I'm disappointed to reduce our expectations for the year, I don't want to lose sight that despite softer than expected end markets, we are still projecting adjusted EPS improvement, one of our better margin years ever, our best cash flow year ever, reduced debt and leverage, and a detailed roadmap to take the performance and results of the company to another level.

We have set ourselves up for a breakout performance, and it feels like we are close to a tipping point to set it in motion. I've never been more positive in the path we're on, and I appreciate our shareholders' patience and support. I would now like to open it up for questions.

Operator: We will now begin the question and answer session. If you are using a speakerphone, please pick up your handset before asking your question. Our first question today comes from Liam Burke with B. Riley. Please go ahead.

Liam Burke: Thank you. Good morning, Leroy. Good morning, Jimmi Sue.

Leroy Ball: Hey, Liam. Good morning.

Liam Burke: Leroy, on RUPS, how have the contracts with the Class one customers been going? Are you satisfied that you've got agreements that are in place that are satisfactory to you guys?

Leroy Ball: Well, I mean, you know, so they are long-term contracts. And they have varying expiration dates on them. Some again, still have several years. You know, I'd say, you know, you can, again, look at our improved results and, you know, there's two ways to go. Obviously, pricing. And then the cost side of the equation. As I had mentioned in prior calls, we had a heavy push to try and recover a lot of the cost increase we had seen from, I'd say, the '22 through, you know, mid '24 time frames. And I think we've maximized all we are gonna be able to do at this point on that until we have some contracts expiring.

The last year, we've been heavily focused on trying to push the cost side of the equation down, and I think the results show that we've been somewhat successful from that standpoint. The third piece of it is volume, and, you know, they are the sites, you know, they're heavily, heavily fixed cost oriented. So, you know, when you don't get the throughput into the plants, that has an impact. And so as we look at this year and our expectations, and again, this is gonna be a great year for RUPS. I think we're gonna finish the year, you know, in double-digit margin territory, which we haven't for quite some time.

And, again, we're showing that over the past several quarters in terms of the significant improvement. But it could be even better, you know, if we were experiencing, you know, the volume increases that were forecast to us, you know, at the end of last year heading into this year, as we were planning out, you know, our production schedule. So that's a disappointment. I mean, overall, the numbers will volume numbers will still be up for the year. They just won't be up by as much as they were signaling. Now, you know, that gives me hope that all that does is push, you know, that into '26. And maybe we'll see, you know, even higher volumes in '26.

But we won't know that until we get out to next year. And I think, again, one of the lessons from the last couple of years is to, I think, put some level of conservatism into what we're being told, because it's now become two years running that, you know, we have been signaled that the volumes will be higher. And then for varying reasons, you know, our customer base has pulled back once they got out sort of to the mid-year point.

Liam Burke: Great. Thanks, Leroy. On PC, the residential side of the business, we know about market share losses. Also know about the existing home sales. So that's sort of working its way through, and you're still holding high teens margins. On the industrial side, you're showing some life there. Could you give me a sense as to how much follow-through you'd expect from that part of the business?

Leroy Ball: Yeah. We are seeing some life there, and that's a positive. You know, the life there will show up in a greater way in the UIP piece of the business. You know, the industrial preservative side of PC is not what really drives, you know, the business and the results there. It is more on the residential side. Obviously, it'll be additive if we can see that volume pickup because, again, it'll increase the throughput at our plants and obviously result in higher volumes and higher sales. But for us to see a meaningful movement on the PC side, in terms of results moving back, you know, we gotta see some pickup on the residential side.

And, you know, 2% down, you know, all things being told is, you know, it's not awful. But, again, coming into the year, I think, there was a little more enthusiasm around seeing at least a couple percent uptick. And, you know, when you're talking about a 4% overall difference going from a couple percent up to a couple percent down, again, over the course of the year, can have a meaningful impact. So the good news is, you know, I think we all believe this is something that's temporary, and we'll start to see an uptick at some point. Right now, I think folks are looking out into 2026 in terms of that optimism.

So I think we've all resigned ourselves to the fact that the back half of the year is probably not going to look much different from an overall demand standpoint than the front half.

Liam Burke: Thank you, Leroy.

Leroy Ball: You're welcome, Liam. Thank you.

Operator: The next question is from Gary Prestopino with Barrington Research. Please go ahead.

Gary Prestopino: Morning, Leroy, Jimmi Sue, and Quynh.

Leroy Ball: Hi, Gary.

Gary Prestopino: Leroy, getting to this Catalyst, well, I don't know what I want to call it, restructuring or whatever. Was any of this something new that's coming to the fold? Right? Beyond what you were doing with your strategic transformation on the five-year plan. Is that kind of correct?

Leroy Ball: Yes. It's coming in, I'd say, to help underpin and really support the plan structurally on an ongoing basis. So, you know, it really applies a different lens to how we approach the generation of opportunities in the organization, how we evaluate them, how we measure them, how we plan for them, track them. It really is a change management process that will unlock opportunities, and we've already seen it unlock opportunities that are going to be meaningful in terms of leading us to a sustainable improvement in performance. And where I would contrast it to other, if you will, cost-saving initiatives that, you know, we would have done in the past or others would have done in the past.

In many cases, those initiatives, you know, you're kind of taking a little bit of a brute force approach, and you're slashing, you know, somewhat indiscriminately, and, you know, you take the pain for a period of time, and, you know, those costs sort of work their way back because they need to because you haven't been thoughtful about the approach that's been taken in terms of how you trimmed it. And this is really about changing, you know, the process and making those changes sustainable.

So improving technology, improving, you know, the skill sets of individuals across the organization to enable us to be able to effectively do more with less and, again, have it be something that we can carry on as opposed to, you know, you do it for a temporary time, and then three years later, you look back, and everything that you cut is right back there again. And so it is an important part of, you know, the strategy that we've been working on because it gives us, you know, a sound foundation for all the other things that we want to do that can be additive to the business.

Gary Prestopino: Okay. And then you cited in your comments the adjusted EBITDA margin target. I didn't I wasn't able to write that down. Can you just give me that?

Leroy Ball: So it's really mid to high teens. I mean, I think, you know, I think that we absolutely can get there. I think you've seen a little actually a preview of it with this quarter. I mean, we have not had a quarterly EBITDA margin of 15% since 2017. And, you know, we got there in this quarter. Despite the fact that sales were down year over year by 10%. And, obviously, we did it through a number of cost levers.

But it gives you some indication that, again, if we're successful in Catalyst, right, these are costs that should not just be coming back in as, you know, the demand picks up and goes the other way, which should be sustainable. And so imagine how that drops to the bottom line when you've got more volume coming through the queue and adding to the top line. It's going to be significantly impactful. And so yes, mid to high teens margins is what we are targeting and what we believe is achievable.

Gary Prestopino: Okay. And then just kind of looking at, you know, going through your narrative and all that, it seems that the PC business definitely relative to where you were when you gave guidance at the beginning of the year. The PC business has continued to slip.

Leroy Ball: Yes.

Gary Prestopino: And it looks like the railroad business, the rebound you were looking for is not coming back. Is not gonna be there for the back half of the year. Is that kind of a good summation?

Leroy Ball: Well, you know, look, the railroad business is gonna have a great year. Right. It's had a great first half. It's gonna have a great year. I'd say, yes. We don't think that the back half of the year there's risk in the back half of the year in terms of it being as strong. We don't think the volumes are gonna drop off a bit, but we are gonna get impacted a little bit in terms of product and customer mix. We may decide that we want to, you know, turn some inventory into cash because, again, the volumes aren't now projected as that strong of levels as what we had thought coming in.

And if we do that, right, we're gonna take some absorption hit, which would have an impact. Again, that's a discretionary call as to whether we want to do that or not, but we wanted to give ourselves a little bit of room there. So, you know, I want to just caution. RUPS is gonna have a very good year. If it doesn't quite reach where, you know, where we had originally forecasted at the beginning of the year, I would not deem that a failure. PC is a little bit of a different story. Yes. Certainly, the numbers have slipped quite a bit.

We've talked in the past call about modest tariff impacts and, you know, our ability to manage that. I think for the most part that is true. The numbers I've talked about in the grand scheme of things are not necessarily large. And I think that, you know, if we were seeing, again, a small bump in volume this year instead of a small decline, we probably wouldn't be talking about it. We would be able to more than absorb it, but, you know, when you're talking about a small volume decline, and no ability to then, at that point, more or less overcome those numbers. Now all of a sudden, they get a little bit more magnified.

So not big overall, but a couple million here, a couple million there. You know, you're not getting volume to sort of recover some of that. And, you know, it starts to add up. And then at this point for us, at least, it's like, you know, we don't think we're gonna be able to make this up in the back half. So we want to make sure that, you know, we provide, you know, a target range that we have a high degree of confidence that we can meet. And so, you know, that's kind of the summation of it.

But PC, yes, would be I'd say the biggest impact and certainly RUPS in terms of the change from last quarter, but it's going to still have a pretty good year overall.

Gary Prestopino: Yeah. Okay. I just wanted to clarify that. I didn't mean to infer that the railroad was not gonna have a good year. You said a forecast and drop in demand from 8% to 4%. So okay.

Leroy Ball: Yep. That's fine. Thank you.

Operator: The next question is from Michael Mathison with Sidoti and Company. Please go ahead.

Michael Mathison: Congratulations on all the margin improvement this quarter, you guys.

Leroy Ball: Thanks, Mike. Thank you.

Michael Mathison: Couple of questions from my end. There was some news about a proposed consolidation among the big six rail companies. Two of them are proposing to merge. Will that change life for you guys from either a pricing or a demand standpoint?

Leroy Ball: Hard to say. Hard to say. I think that's yet to be determined. We have business with all of the class ones. And we consider them all very important customers. And so, you know, my hope would be that we would, you know, if that merger ultimately goes through, we would continue to, you know, serve the merged company in a way that is at least as much as we do today. You know, but it's tough to say right now. It's so early on.

Michael Mathison: Fair enough. Just coming back to margins going forward, everybody has a lot of curiosity. It obviously took a lot of work to reach 15%. You're now targeting high teens. That's another 200 basis points in lift. Is there anything specific that you could point to that would drive such a big transformation in the margin?

Leroy Ball: At this point, it's just volume recovery. Right? I mean, if you look across our businesses, it's rare, and I talk about it often, right? I believe the value in our business is its diversity. And so, you know, we typically have at least two to three businesses sort of on the upside of the cycle and maybe one or two down or vice versa. You know? You get one or two up and, you know, two or three down. It's a unique circumstance for either all of them to be down or all of them to be up.

We are in this period, and I think we're getting closer to the end of this period where they're all sort of in a lull, and that's unusual. And so that's why I point to, you know, a 15% margin in an environment where we're down 10% on the top line and just say, you know, think about what that would look like if PC, you know, when PC goes from, you know, minus two in terms of volumes to plus two. And think about it when UIP starts to see its rebound from, you know, what up until this point, up until this quarter has been, again, year-over-year declines in volume.

Think about RUPS, which is going to be up this year, but, you know, last year ended down in volume and for the most part has been somewhat flat. And then CMC, similar sort of story. I mean, it's been, you know, down the past couple of years. You start to see a little bit of a recovery there. All that savings that we're generating is gonna drop to the bottom line. And so, you know, that's how I perceive, you know, basically getting that margin lift that we're talking about. We're not done on the cost side.

There is more to come, and so we'll be adding additional benefits there, and then, you know, you start to see some of the markets come. Don't have to be in all the businesses. You see some of these markets start to rebound a little bit, and all of a sudden, you're gonna see a compounding effect on the profitability and the margin. That's why I say, I really feel like we're at a tipping point here. We're so close.

It may not be in '25, you know, because, you know, the business has its seasonal cycles, you know, we're gonna be moving into the down part of the seasonal cycle as we get to the back part of the year or the fourth quarter of the year. As we come into '26, I am really, really hopeful that, you know, we start to see some improvement in the end markets because if we do, I think we're gonna see a significant amount of improvement.

Michael Mathison: Well, great. Thank you and good luck in the back half of the year.

Leroy Ball: Thank you, Michael. Appreciate that. Thank you.

Operator: This concludes our question and answer session. I would like to turn the conference back over to CEO, Leroy Ball for any closing remarks.

Leroy Ball: Thank you. I really appreciate everybody's time and attention today. As I mentioned, a lot of really good things going on in the organization, and I look forward to being back here in November with hopefully some better news and some signs of improvement as we look out into 2026. So thank you, everyone, and have a great day.

Operator: The conference has now concluded. Thank you for attending today's presentation. You may now disconnect.

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