A New SEC Filing Reveals Exactly How Many Shares of SpaceX Elon Musk Owns. Here's Why It Matters.

The Space Exploration Technologies (NASDAQ: SPCX) IPO officially made Elon Musk a trillionaire. The SpaceX founder owns a substantial stake in the business, as well as a good chunk of the other trillion-dollar company he runs, Tesla (NASDAQ: TSLA). The two stock holdings have a combined worth of around $1 trillion, depending on what the market thinks of each stock on any given day.

Recent SEC filings revealed exactly how many shares of SpaceX Musk currently owns. That number is very important for investors in both of Musk's publicly traded companies, especially as the CEO pushes to merge the two into a single entity. Here's what the filings revealed and what it means for investors.

Image source: The White House.

How many shares of SpaceX does Musk own?

SpaceX's SEC filings show Elon Musk effectively controls 6.4 billion shares of SpaceX as of the end of June. That's 48.4% of the entire company at the time of this writing.

Importantly, just 849 million of those shares are Class A. The rest are Class B shares (or restricted stock units or options). Class B shares have ten times the voting power of Class A shares. As a result, Musk controls over 85% of the total votes, allowing him to make business decisions unilaterally.

With so much voting power, SpaceX can make acquisitions with its stock, while Musk retains total control over the corporation. For example, SpaceX just closed its $60 billion acquisition of Cursor, the developer of the artificial intelligence (AI) coding agent. Even after the hefty acquisition, Musk's voting power will fall by less than a percentage point, even if all restricted stock units and options in the deal are fully exercised.

Considering how little impact the Cursor acquisition had on Musk's voting power, he could make a much larger acquisition using SpaceX stock without losing control of the company. That's exactly why he may look to merge Tesla with SpaceX.

Musk has every incentive to merge his companies

In early 2024, Musk said he wants about 25% of Tesla's voting power to push the company toward the future of AI and robotics. He held just under 20% of shares as of June.

Tesla signed a new incentive package with Musk last fall that rewards him with Tesla shares if the company reaches certain market values and other milestones. Some of those milestones would be considered accomplished if Tesla is acquired, and the market-value milestones will pay out based on the acquisition price. That means Musk can pay a significant premium for Tesla with SpaceX stock, resulting in him receiving more Tesla shares and, therefore, ceding less control than the acquisition price might imply.

He can, in fact, offer an incredible premium on Tesla shares without losing his majority voting power in the combined company. Tesla shareholders will be incentivized to vote for the merger if the premium is high enough, and Musk controls the vote for SpaceX. So, the decision to merge the companies is practically within Musk's control, assuming Tesla shareholder believe SpaceX shares will retain their value.

That's not a great position for SpaceX shareholders. Paying a substantial premium for Tesla, which already trades at a high valuation, is unlikely to be in their best interest. We saw the same thing happen with the acquisition of xAI earlier this year, which seemed like a great deal for the AI company while significantly diluting value for existing SpaceX shareholders.

Of course, these are considerations that SpaceX investors already knew. The SEC filing detailing Musk's exact stake in SpaceX didn't reveal anything materially new to investors. Investing in SpaceX is investing in Musk's vision of the future, as the stock is currently valued based on expectations for substantial revenue growth and eventual profits and cash flow over the long run.

Adam Levy has no position in any of the stocks mentioned. The Motley Fool has positions in and recommends Tesla. The Motley Fool has a disclosure policy.