The Japanese Yen (JPY) strengthened during the Asian session on Thursday following the release of the Bank of Japan's (BoJ) July meeting Minutes, which revealed that the central bank expects to keep hiking if inflation and the economy move as estimated. This comes on top of hawkish dissents to the on-hold rate decision last week and reaffirms market expectations that the BoJ will stick to its policy normalization path. Apart from this, the cautious market mood further assists the safe-haven JPY to recover a part of the previous day's heavy losses against its American counterpart.
Meanwhile, the BoJ's hawkish outlook marks a significant divergence in comparison to rising bets for more interest rate cuts by the Federal Reserve (Fed). The latter keeps a lid on the overnight US Dollar (USD) rally to a two-week high and further benefits the lower-yielding JPY. However, expectations that domestic political uncertainty and economic headwinds stemming from US tariffs could give the BoJ more reasons to delay raising interest rates might hold back the JPY bulls from placing aggressive bets. This, in turn, backs the case for the emergence of some dip-buying around the USD/JPY pair.
From a technical perspective, the overnight close above the 200-day Simple Moving Average (SMA) for the first time since July 31 could be seen as a fresh trigger for the USD/JPY bulls. Moreover, oscillators on the daily chart have been gaining positive traction and suggest that the path of least resistance for spot prices remains to the upside. Some follow-through buying beyond the 149.15 area, or the monthly peak, will reaffirm the constructive outlook and allow the pair to aim towards reclaiming the 150.00 psychological mark. The momentum could extend further towards the 150.55-150.60 intermediate hurdle en route to the 151.00 neighborhood, or the late-July/early-August swing high.
On the flip side, weakness below the 200-day SMA, currently pegged near mid-148.00s, could be seen as a buying opportunity and is more likely to remain limited near the 148.00 round figure. The latter might now act as a strong base for the USD/JPY pair, which, if broken decisively, might prompt some technical selling and expose the 147.20 support zone. The subsequent fall below the 147.00 mark will negate the positive outlook and shift the near-term bias in favor of bearish traders. This should pave the way for a slide towards the 146.40 region en route to the 146.00 mark and the 145.50-145.45 region, or the lowest level since July 7 touched last week.
The Bank of Japan (BoJ) is the Japanese central bank, which sets monetary policy in the country. Its mandate is to issue banknotes and carry out currency and monetary control to ensure price stability, which means an inflation target of around 2%.
The Bank of Japan embarked in an ultra-loose monetary policy in 2013 in order to stimulate the economy and fuel inflation amid a low-inflationary environment. The bank’s policy is based on Quantitative and Qualitative Easing (QQE), or printing notes to buy assets such as government or corporate bonds to provide liquidity. In 2016, the bank doubled down on its strategy and further loosened policy by first introducing negative interest rates and then directly controlling the yield of its 10-year government bonds. In March 2024, the BoJ lifted interest rates, effectively retreating from the ultra-loose monetary policy stance.
The Bank’s massive stimulus caused the Yen to depreciate against its main currency peers. This process exacerbated in 2022 and 2023 due to an increasing policy divergence between the Bank of Japan and other main central banks, which opted to increase interest rates sharply to fight decades-high levels of inflation. The BoJ’s policy led to a widening differential with other currencies, dragging down the value of the Yen. This trend partly reversed in 2024, when the BoJ decided to abandon its ultra-loose policy stance.
A weaker Yen and the spike in global energy prices led to an increase in Japanese inflation, which exceeded the BoJ’s 2% target. The prospect of rising salaries in the country – a key element fuelling inflation – also contributed to the move.