Gold price meets with a fresh supply during the Asian session on Tuesday and reverses the previous day's move higher on the back of the upbeat market mood. Despite a surprise downgrade of the US government's credit rating on Friday, investors continue to cheer the latest optimism over the US-China trade truce for 90 days. This is evident from a generally positive tone around the equity markets, which, in turn, is seen undermining demand for traditional safe-haven assets and exerting pressure on the bullion.
Meanwhile, expectations that the Federal Reserve (Fed) will lower borrowing costs further amid signs of easing inflation and a sluggish economic outlook fail to assist the US Dollar (USD) to attract any meaningful buyers. This, however, does little to lend any support to the non-yielding Gold price. Even persistent geopolitical risks fail to inspire bulls, suggesting that the path of least resistance for the XAU/USD is to the downside. However, the range-bound price action witnessed over the past week or so warrants caution.
From a technical perspective, the overnight failure near the 200-period Simple Moving Average (SMA) support-turned-resistance on the 4-hour chart and the subsequent slide favors the XAU/USD bears. Moreover, negative oscillators on hourly/daily charts suggest that the path of least resistance for the Gold price is to the downside.
Some follow-through selling below the $3,200 mark and the $3,178-3,177 support zone will reaffirm the outlook, which should pave the way for a slide towards last week's swing low, around the $3,120 area, or the lower level since April 10. This is closely followed by the $3,100 mark, which, if broken decisively, might expose the next relevant support near the $3,060 region.
On the flip side, the $3,250-3,252 area might continue to act as an immediate strong hurdle. A sustained strength beyond the said barrier could suggest that the Gold price has bottomed out and pave the way for additional gains beyond the $3,274-3,275 intermediate resistance, towards the $3,300 round figure. The latter should act as a pivotal point, which, if cleared, would shift the near-term bias in favor of bullish traders.
Gold has played a key role in human’s history as it has been widely used as a store of value and medium of exchange. Currently, apart from its shine and usage for jewelry, the precious metal is widely seen as a safe-haven asset, meaning that it is considered a good investment during turbulent times. Gold is also widely seen as a hedge against inflation and against depreciating currencies as it doesn’t rely on any specific issuer or government.
Central banks are the biggest Gold holders. In their aim to support their currencies in turbulent times, central banks tend to diversify their reserves and buy Gold to improve the perceived strength of the economy and the currency. High Gold reserves can be a source of trust for a country’s solvency. Central banks added 1,136 tonnes of Gold worth around $70 billion to their reserves in 2022, according to data from the World Gold Council. This is the highest yearly purchase since records began. Central banks from emerging economies such as China, India and Turkey are quickly increasing their Gold reserves.
Gold has an inverse correlation with the US Dollar and US Treasuries, which are both major reserve and safe-haven assets. When the Dollar depreciates, Gold tends to rise, enabling investors and central banks to diversify their assets in turbulent times. Gold is also inversely correlated with risk assets. A rally in the stock market tends to weaken Gold price, while sell-offs in riskier markets tend to favor the precious metal.
The price can move due to a wide range of factors. Geopolitical instability or fears of a deep recession can quickly make Gold price escalate due to its safe-haven status. As a yield-less asset, Gold tends to rise with lower interest rates, while higher cost of money usually weighs down on the yellow metal. Still, most moves depend on how the US Dollar (USD) behaves as the asset is priced in dollars (XAU/USD). A strong Dollar tends to keep the price of Gold controlled, whereas a weaker Dollar is likely to push Gold prices up.