Dow Jones Futures fall ahead of the US market opening on Wednesday, trading around 44,135, down by 0.25%, during the European hours. Meanwhile, S&P 500 Futures are down by 0.08% to 6,260, and Nasdaq 100 Futures depreciate 0.36% to trade near 22,970.
US stock index futures face challenges as investors adopt caution ahead of a new round of corporate earnings. Major banks, including Bank of America, Goldman Sachs, and Morgan Stanley, are scheduled to report earnings before the opening bell, alongside healthcare giant Johnson & Johnson.
Additionally, market sentiment turned cautious ahead of the latest US Producer Price Index (PPI) data, followed by the Fed Beige Book and Industrial Production. Market participants seek further clarity over the impacts of Trump’s tariffs on producer prices and inflation trends.
US Producer Price Index is forecasted to fall by 2.5% year-over-year in June, from 2.6% prior. The monthly PPI is expected to rise by 0.2%, against the previous 0.1% gain. This will mark the highest increase in five months. The core producer inflation, which excludes volatile food and energy prices, is expected to decrease to 2.7% YoY from 3%, while the monthly core PPI is forecasted to climb by 0.2% in June, after registering a 0.1% rise in May.
The US stock markets declined in the previous regular session following hotter-than-expected consumer inflation data for June, which reinforced fears about tariff-driven price pressures. The US Consumer Price Index (CPI) climbed 2.7% year-over-year in June, as expected. Core CPI came in at 2.9%, just below the 3.0% forecast but still notably above the Federal Reserve’s 2% target.
The US inflation report for June has also renewed concerns over the prospect of prolonged high interest rates from the Federal Reserve (Fed). Dallas Fed President Lorie Logan spoke at a World Affairs Council event in San Antonio on Tuesday, noting that the US central bank will probably need to leave interest rates where they are for a while longer to ensure inflation stays low in the face of upward pressure from the Trump administration's tariffs.
The Dow Jones Industrial Average, one of the oldest stock market indices in the world, is compiled of the 30 most traded stocks in the US. The index is price-weighted rather than weighted by capitalization. It is calculated by summing the prices of the constituent stocks and dividing them by a factor, currently 0.152. The index was founded by Charles Dow, who also founded the Wall Street Journal. In later years it has been criticized for not being broadly representative enough because it only tracks 30 conglomerates, unlike broader indices such as the S&P 500.
Many different factors drive the Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA). The aggregate performance of the component companies revealed in quarterly company earnings reports is the main one. US and global macroeconomic data also contributes as it impacts on investor sentiment. The level of interest rates, set by the Federal Reserve (Fed), also influences the DJIA as it affects the cost of credit, on which many corporations are heavily reliant. Therefore, inflation can be a major driver as well as other metrics which impact the Fed decisions.
Dow Theory is a method for identifying the primary trend of the stock market developed by Charles Dow. A key step is to compare the direction of the Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) and the Dow Jones Transportation Average (DJTA) and only follow trends where both are moving in the same direction. Volume is a confirmatory criteria. The theory uses elements of peak and trough analysis. Dow’s theory posits three trend phases: accumulation, when smart money starts buying or selling; public participation, when the wider public joins in; and distribution, when the smart money exits.
There are a number of ways to trade the DJIA. One is to use ETFs which allow investors to trade the DJIA as a single security, rather than having to buy shares in all 30 constituent companies. A leading example is the SPDR Dow Jones Industrial Average ETF (DIA). DJIA futures contracts enable traders to speculate on the future value of the index and Options provide the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell the index at a predetermined price in the future. Mutual funds enable investors to buy a share of a diversified portfolio of DJIA stocks thus providing exposure to the overall index.