The Indian Rupee (INR) opens higher against the US Dollar (USD) on Thursday. The USD/INR pair drops to near 85.70, while investors await the confirmation of the trade deal between India and the United States (US) to gauge direction.
Last week, US President Donald Trump expressed more than once that Washington is close to striking a deal with India. However, comments from Indian Commerce and Supply Minister Piyush Goyal indicated that New Delhi is not in a rush to sign the deal, stating that an agreement will not close until it gains confidence that the pact is in the national interest.
“India does not negotiate under deadlines,” Goyal said and added, “We negotiate keeping national interest in mind, and national interest is paramount in all our engagements across the world."
A report from NDTV showed on Thursday that both nations aim to lower overall duty barriers to promote a healthy competitive environment. Additionally, New Delhi was seeking to safeguard its agriculture sector and labor-intensive companies, such as leather, footwear, and clothes, from exposure to competition from US companies.
Meanwhile, growing hopes of a decline in the Oil price in the near term as the OPEC+ announces a bigger-than-expected increase in Oil production are expected to support the Indian Rupee. Currencies from nations that depend largely on Oil imports, such as the Indian Rupee, perform strongly in a lower Oil price environment.
USD/INR falls to near 85.70 at open on Thursday. The pair faces a sell-off above the 20-day Exponential Moving Average (EMA), which trades around 85.87, suggesting selling pressure at higher levels.
The 14-day Relative Strength Index (RSI) falls below 50.00. A fresh bearish momentum would emerge if the RSI breaks below 40.00.
Looking down, the May 27 low of 85.10 will act as key support for the major. On the upside, the June 24 low at 86.42 will be a critical hurdle for the pair.
The Indian Rupee (INR) is one of the most sensitive currencies to external factors. The price of Crude Oil (the country is highly dependent on imported Oil), the value of the US Dollar – most trade is conducted in USD – and the level of foreign investment, are all influential. Direct intervention by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) in FX markets to keep the exchange rate stable, as well as the level of interest rates set by the RBI, are further major influencing factors on the Rupee.
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) actively intervenes in forex markets to maintain a stable exchange rate, to help facilitate trade. In addition, the RBI tries to maintain the inflation rate at its 4% target by adjusting interest rates. Higher interest rates usually strengthen the Rupee. This is due to the role of the ‘carry trade’ in which investors borrow in countries with lower interest rates so as to place their money in countries’ offering relatively higher interest rates and profit from the difference.
Macroeconomic factors that influence the value of the Rupee include inflation, interest rates, the economic growth rate (GDP), the balance of trade, and inflows from foreign investment. A higher growth rate can lead to more overseas investment, pushing up demand for the Rupee. A less negative balance of trade will eventually lead to a stronger Rupee. Higher interest rates, especially real rates (interest rates less inflation) are also positive for the Rupee. A risk-on environment can lead to greater inflows of Foreign Direct and Indirect Investment (FDI and FII), which also benefit the Rupee.
Higher inflation, particularly, if it is comparatively higher than India’s peers, is generally negative for the currency as it reflects devaluation through oversupply. Inflation also increases the cost of exports, leading to more Rupees being sold to purchase foreign imports, which is Rupee-negative. At the same time, higher inflation usually leads to the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) raising interest rates and this can be positive for the Rupee, due to increased demand from international investors. The opposite effect is true of lower inflation.